Ua lawe wau i kēia puke mai ka waihona (hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i loko Amazon). Ua hoʻomaka wau e heluhelu a ʻike i kahi mea ʻano ʻē. He ʻano ʻano ʻē kona, nā mokuna pōkole loa, nā ʻōlelo maʻamau ʻole, a me nā tona o ka hao. Ua like lākou me nā ʻatikala ma kahi o kahi puke. Ua manaʻo wau i kahi mea like ʻO ka mōʻaukala liʻiliʻi loa o Sepania na Juan Pablo Fusi, akā ua hewa wau.
A ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka heluhelu maʻalahi ʻana i ka uhi hope (kahi mea aʻu e makemake ʻole ai e hana) hōʻoia i ka kānalua. He moolelo o Sepania, kahi hōʻuluʻulu o nā ʻatikala a Arturo Pérez-Reverte e hoʻopuka nei ma mua o 4 mau makahiki ma kāna kolamu ʻo Marquette o ka XL Semanal supplement..
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i heluhelu i kāna kolamu o ka pule, ke ʻōlelo nei au i kēia:
ʻO ka mea haʻahaʻa ʻo Sagunto, kahi kolone Helene ma mua, he mea kōkua pū kekahi o ko Roma: ʻo kekahi mau kuhukukū i kēlā manawa - ke kolu o ka kenekulia BC, e noʻonoʻo nei - e hoʻomaka ana e hana i nā moa ma ke Kaiwaenahonua. Oia. Ua hoʻopuehu ʻia kahi manu kupaianaha, me ke kaua a me nā mea like.
Nui koʻu makemake iā ia, ʻaʻohe oʻu mea hou aʻe e haʻi aku ai, e waiho wale i kahi mau memo aʻu e lawe nei i nā huapalapala a ma nā puke i ʻōlelo ʻia.
Ua kākau ʻia kahi moʻolelo o Sepania me ke ʻano like me aʻu e kākau nei i nā puke moʻolelo a me nā ʻatikala; ʻAʻole wau i koho iā ia, akā ʻo ia ka hopena o kēlā mau mea āpau: ʻo ka hihiʻo, acidic ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka mea momona, o kekahi mea, ma ke ʻano he ʻano i loko o kekahi o kaʻu mau puke moʻolelo, ʻike ʻo ka waiwai ma Sepania i lawe mau i nā ka awaawa, ka nui o ka mehameha a me ka manaʻolana ʻole.
ʻO Arturo Pérez-Reverte
Nanea iā ia!
ʻO nā kiʻi mōʻaukala e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala Sepania a Arturo Pérez-Reverte e ʻōlelo maikaʻi ai
Ua maʻa i nā pana pua a ka mea kākau i hoʻouna ai i kāna mau puke a me nā kolamu, ke kau nei au i ka manaʻo i ka poʻe āna e hoʻomaikaʻi a kamaʻilio maikaʻi nei paha. No laila haʻalele wau i kahi hōʻuluʻulu.
ʻAʻole wau i kau i ke ʻano kūmole no ka mea ke nui a maʻalahi ia, akā ʻo nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā kiʻi mōʻaukala ʻokoʻa nā huaʻōlelo i lawe ʻia mai ka puke.
ʻO Emir Abderramán I
Ua haʻalele ka emir ʻōpio iā mākou i ka naʻauao a me ka moʻomeheu (mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, hana ʻia ia iā mākou) a haʻalele iā Muslim Sepania me he mea hou, mana, waiwai a chachi. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i nā mīkini ʻauhau mua maikaʻi o ka manawa a paipai i nā huakaʻi ʻike i kapa ʻia.
Alfonso X
ʻO kāna keikikāne ʻo Alfonso X kekahi o kēlā mau mōʻī ʻaʻole i hele pinepine i kā mākou mōʻaukala: aʻo, hoʻomālamalama, ʻoiai ʻo ia i kū i mua o ke kaua kūloko ʻē aʻe ... he manawa kāna e haku ai, a i ʻole kauoha e hana pēlā, ʻekolu mau hana nui: The Ka Mōʻaukala Nui o Sepania (e nānā i ka inoa, i kēia manawa a lākou e ʻōlelo nei he mea nui ʻo Sepania i nā lā ʻelua i hala aku nei), nā Cantigas a me ke Code o nā Pāʻina ʻehiku.
ʻO El Cid (Sidi)
A ʻo ka hopena, ke huli ʻana i kanalima mau palaka, ʻelima mau lā ma mua o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o Ierusalema e ka Crusaders, makaʻu a mahalo ʻia e Moors a me nā Karistiano, ʻo ke koa koa weliweli loa a Sepania i make ai ma Valencia he make kūlohelohe.
ʻO Jaime I
Laki nō kēlā ʻohana i ka hānau ʻana o kahi kāne ʻokoʻa: ʻo Jaime kona inoa a hele aku ʻo ia i ka Mōʻaukala me ka inoa kapakapa o The Conqueror ... akā no ka mea ua pākolu kona hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i kona aupuni. Kanaka aʻo, mōʻaukala a me ka haku mele.
Nā aliʻi Katolika
He ʻōpio, uʻi, a akamai hoʻi lākou. ʻO wau e kuhikuhi nei iā Isabel de Castilla a me Fernando de Aragón, ka mea i kapa ʻia he mau mōʻī Katolika. Ma luna o nā mea āpau, hoʻonohonoho.
I loko o kekahi mau makahiki, e hoʻopau ana ia i ka hoʻokau ʻana iā Sepania ma ke ʻano alakaʻi nui o ka honua, mahalo i nā mea like ʻole i kūlike i ka manawa a me ka manawa: ʻike, wiwo ʻole, pragmatism, kūpaʻa a me ka laki maikaʻi.
ʻO Carlos I no Sepania a me V o Kelemania
Akā naʻe, ʻo ke keiki a lāua, ua hele mai i waho akamai, mākaukau me nā hua manu ʻelua. ʻO Carlos kona inoa. Ua ʻulaʻula ʻo ia i ka ʻulaʻula, ua aʻo maikaʻi ʻia i Flanders, a ua hoʻoilina i ka noho aliʻi o Sepania, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, a ʻo ko ka Emepaea Kelemania ma kekahi ʻaoʻao; no laila ʻo Carlos I no Sepania a me V o Kelemania.
Pilipo II
… Ke koa wiwo ʻole a hoihoi hoʻi i noho i ka noho aliʻi Sepania ...
Ua lilo ʻo Felipe II i luna kūlana maikaʻi, mākaukau i ka hana pepa, a i kino ponoʻī hoʻi i kahi turkey me nā ʻano maikaʻi he nui: meapilas akā moʻomeheu, noʻonoʻo a me kahi hoa aloha o nā mea pono pilikino.
Helu-Duke o Olivares
He kuhina ʻo ia me nā manaʻo a me ka ʻike, ʻoiai ʻo ka hana o ka hoʻomalu ʻana i kēlā putifile nui nui iā ia, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO Olivares, ʻoiai ʻo ia ʻo ka paʻakikī a me ka haʻaheo kahi makua kāne akamai a hana ʻole hoʻi, hana nui e like me ka ʻike a kekahi poʻe, makemake e hoʻomaka i ka ʻoihana, hoʻoponopono iā Sepania a lilo ia i mokuʻāina hou i ke ʻano o kēlā manawa.
ʻO ka Marquis o La Ensenada
… Ua lilo ia i mea ma waho o ka maʻamau: aʻo, mākaukau, prototype hana o ke kuhina hanohano, nāna i hoʻomau i ka launa pū ʻana me nā ʻepekema a me nā akeakamai o ʻEulopa kaulana loa, paipai i ka mahiʻai lāhui, wehe i nā ʻauwai hoʻoinu, hoʻoliʻiliʻi maikaʻi a me nā kamaʻilio, hoʻihoʻi hou i ka Ua pale aku ʻo Royal Navy a pale ʻia i nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā loea a me nā ʻepekema. kekahi o kēlā mau huapalapala nui, i ka pōkole, a me Sepania a me nā Sepania he ʻaiʻē nui kā lākou, a ʻoiai, ʻaʻole e nele i ka hana maʻamau, ʻaʻohe keiki kula Sepania i ʻike i kona inoa i kēia lā.
Charles II
He mōʻī malamalama ia i ʻimi e hoʻopuni iā ia iho me ka poʻe mākaukau. Inā i loko o kahi waihona nūpepa e nīnau mākou i ka ʻO Gazeta Madrid kūlike i kona manawa, e waiho ʻia mākou me ka paʻi uala, mahalo ʻia e ka helu o nā kānāwai kaulike a me ka manawa kūpono i hoʻāʻo ai ʻo Bourbon maikaʻi loa e wehe i nā puka aniani a lewa i ka pilau o ka pani a me ka sacristy i ʻike ʻole ʻia i kēia wahi. Kākoʻo ʻia no ka noiʻi a me ka ʻepekema, ka noho hou ʻana me nā poʻe malihini mai nā wahi i haʻalele ʻia, a me nā kānāwai kūpono i hana kaulike i ka poʻe nele, haki ka immobility o nā guilds medieval a me nā hui, ʻae i kā lākou poʻe keiki e noho mai nā hana hanohano a wehe ʻia i nā wahine. hana kalepa ʻana a hiki i kēlā manawa pāpā ʻia lākou.
Canovas del Castillo
… Akā ʻo kahi ʻāpana politika i kapa ʻia ʻo Cánovas del Castillo - kānalua ʻole ʻoi loa ke akamai a me ka mākaukau o kona manawa - ua hoʻohuli kekahi i kekahi a ua pau i ka lawe ʻana iā lākou āpau i ka māla.
Sagasta (a me Cánovas hou)
A i kēia manawa pono ke hōʻike ʻana i kahi ʻoiaʻiʻo: ma ke poʻo o nā ʻaoʻao nui ʻelua, nona ka nui kaumaha, ʻo ia nā mea kālaiʻāina ʻelua o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ke akamai, e like me Pedro Sánchez, Mariano Rajoy, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero a me José María Aznar , inoa ʻehā mau pelekikena kokoke i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole pono lākou e lawe i ka huewai. ʻO Cánovas lāua ʻo Sagasta, ke alakaʻi mua o ka pāʻina conservative a me ka lua o ka liberal a holomua paha, ...
Adolfo Suarez
ʻO Adolfo Suárez, he lālā ʻōpio, ʻōlinolino a ʻiʻini hoʻi - no ávila ʻo ia - nāna i komo i ka pālule polū a hele mai ka neʻe ʻana, ʻo ia ke kiaʻi o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kēia. A hana kupanaha ʻo ia, ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka paka, ka paʻi ʻana i ke kua a me ka nānā ʻana i ke koʻokoʻo i ka maka (ʻoi aku ʻo ia i waena o nā mea nui, ma waena o ka hanohano o ka ʻuhane a me kahi trilero mai Lavapiés, a he uʻi hoʻi).
Ke hoʻohana pono nei i ka poʻomanaʻo moʻolelo, haʻalele wau iā ʻoe hoʻouhi uhi uhi puke Pēlā ʻo Sepania, hoʻohana ʻia i ke kula i ka wā o ke aupuni Franco.
Nā memo
Nui a hewahewa nā paukū hoihoi, nā moʻolelo, nā kaua, nā hāmeʻe a me nā manawa.
Aloha au i ka prologue me nā ʻōlelo mai nā mea kākau like ʻole ma Sepania a me nā Paniolo.
ʻO ka lili o nā Sepania ʻaʻole loaʻa kaʻa e like me ko kā lākou hoalauna, akā no ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi kaʻa i ka hoanoho
ʻO Julio Camba
A kākau wau i kēia mau kumuhana e hohonu a hoʻomanaʻo.
Nā Almogávares
He pūʻali koa koa ia, Catalans, Aragonese, Navarrese, Valencians a me Majorcans no ka hapa nui, paʻakikī loa i ke kaua, nāna i hāʻawi i nā kuʻi kuʻi ʻenemi, ʻo lākou Aragó, ʻAragó y ʻAla, hao: ala aʻe, hao.
A ma laila lākou i hele aku ai, ʻeono tausani ʻelima haneli mau mākua kāne me kā lākou wahine a me nā keiki, auwana hele wale, ʻaʻohe ʻāina, a me ka pahi kaua. Inā ʻaʻole i helu ʻia i loko o nā puke mōʻaukala, he mea kupaianaha ia: make me he scythes, i ko lākou pae ʻana i ke kaua, ua kaua lākou he ʻekolu mau kaua kūʻē i ka huina he kanalima tausani Tureke, e luku ana iā lākou ma hope o ka luku ʻia ʻana.
Catalonia
A ʻo Catalonia, a laila he feudatory o nā aliʻi Frankish kokoke, ke hoʻonui nei ia me nā luna i kapa ʻia he helu o Barcelona. ʻO ka mea mua o lākou e kūʻokoʻa mai nā gabachos ʻo Wifredo, e ka inoa kapakapa ʻo Pilós a i ʻole Velloso, ka mea i hoʻohui ʻia me ka huluhulu ke ʻano haipule e ʻakaʻaka ʻoe, ʻoiai ua hoʻopiha ʻo ia i ke kalana me nā mōneka nani. ʻO kekahi mau mōʻaukala hanai holoholona i kēia manawa e hōʻike iā Wifredo maikaʻi ma ke ʻano he mōʻī mua no ke aupuni mōʻī Atalan i manaʻo ʻia, akā ʻaʻole e ʻae lākou e ʻai i ka hue. ʻO nā mōʻī ma Catalonia me kēlā inoa ʻaʻole i kū. ʻAʻole he hoʻomākeʻaka. No Aragon nā mōʻī mau a ua pili ka mea ma hope, ʻoiai mākou e haʻi ai ke hiki mai ka manawa. I kēia manawa he mau helu Catalan lākou, i mea hoʻohanohano nui.
I ke koko a me ke ahi
Ma waena o kēia ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻoi loa o kā mākou manawa, ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Manu Chaves Nogales, nona ka ʻōlelo i ka puke Blood and Fire (1937) e pono ai ke aʻo pono ʻia i kēia lā ma nā kula Sepania āpau.
Ua hana ʻia nā Idiots a me nā mea pepehi kanaka a hana pū me ka profusion a me ka ikaika like ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i hoʻokaʻawale iā Sepania […] I koʻu haʻalele ʻana i ke koko i hoʻokahe ʻia e nā ʻāpana o nā mea pepehi kanaka i lawe i ka makaʻu ʻulaʻula ma Madrid e like me ka nui i hoʻokahe ʻia e nā mokulele o Franco, e luku nei i nā wahine hala ʻole a me nā keiki. A ʻoi aku ka makaʻu a i ʻole ka makaʻu o ka barbarism o ka Moors, ka poʻe pōā o ka Tercio a me nā mea pepehi kanaka o ka Falange, ma mua o nā anarchists ʻole heluhelu ʻole a i ʻole nā komunista […] ʻO ka hopena hope loa o kēia paio ʻaʻole hopohopo nui iaʻu. ʻAʻole hoihoi iaʻu nui e ʻike i ka mea e hiki mai ana ka dictator o Sepania e puka mai ana mai kekahi ʻaoʻao a ʻē aʻe paha o nā ʻauwaha […] E uku ʻia ʻo Sepania ma mua o ka hapalua miliona mau make. Inā paha i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi
I ke koko a me ke ahi. ʻO Manu Chaves Nogales
Nā puke
Nā puke hoihoi i ʻōlelo ʻia ma loko o nā ʻatikala like ʻole.
- Kākaka na Ramón J. Sender
- Ke ala o kahi kipi na Arturo Barea
- I ke koko a me ke ahi na Manuel Caves Nogales
- Ka ʻeiwa na Evelyn Mesquida
- Ke apo Iberia na Valle-Inclán
- Nā ʻāpana aupuni na Galdós
