He fern hihiu maoli o ka pua Valencian, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he ʻokoʻa ma ʻaneʻi. Loaʻa ia ma ka hapa nui o ʻEulopa.
No ka ʻohana Polypodiaceae, nona ka 80% o nā ferns, i māhele ʻia i Pteridaceae, Aspleniaceae, Polypodiaceae, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. a komo i ka hui o pteridophytes, pteridophytes ( ʻO Pteridophyta), vascular cryptogams, a i ʻole, maʻamau, ferns a pili