Electromagnet yog ib qho khoom siv uas muaj cov cuab yeej uas tau txais cov khoom sib nqus thaum muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no hla nws lub kauj..
Ua ib qho hauv tsev yog yooj yim heev li peb yuav pom tam sim no. Koj tsuas yog xav tau ib qho enameled tooj liab hlau thiab ib yam dab tsi zoo li ib tug tub ntxhais los yog lub cev, ib yam dab tsi ferromagnetic zoo li ib tug ntsia hlau los yog ib daim hlau.
Peb tuaj yeem sib txawv cov ntaub ntawv ua peb hom: ferromagnetic, paramagnetic thiab diamagnetic nyob ntawm seb lawv coj li cas thaum sib nqus.
Nws yog ib tug sim ua kom yooj yim heev uas nws yog qhov zoo rau ua nrog cov menyuam yaus thiab qhia lawv mus rau lub ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis.
Yuav ua li cas no
Nws qhov chaw tsim khoom yog qhov yooj yim heev, peb tsuas yog yuav tsum tau cua tshuab tooj liab nrog rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau, piv txwv li cov ntsia hlau. Thiab txuas nws mus rau qhov chaw muaj zog.
Feem ntau, cov ntaub ntawv ferrous yog qhov zoo rau kev tsim cov hlau nplaum, yog tias koj siv cov hlau nplaum thiab lo koj tuaj yeem siv nws los tsim koj cov hlau nplaum.
Hauv daim duab saum toj no koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom pib uas kuv tau npaj siv. Lub roj teeb 9V, ob lub hau ntswj los ua 2 lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab tooj liab coj los ntawm recycling ib qho qub saib.
Nco ntsoov tias cov hlau tooj liab uas siv tau yuav tsum tau enameled kom cais nws thiab ua kom muaj kev sib txuas tom qab peb yuav tsum tau xuab zeb lossis khawb cov terminals, qhov kawg ntawm lub cable. Yog tsis yog, nws yuav tsis ua tam sim no.
Nws yuav paj rau koj: keeb kwm ntawm electrostatics Thiab cov kev tsim kho ntawm homopolar motor.
Thiab qhov thib ob electromagnet kuv tau ua nrog tus yuam sij Allen, thiab nws ua haujlwm zoo dua nrog cov ntsia hlau vim yog hom hlau uas nws tau ua.
Peb tuaj yeem pom tias nws ua haujlwm zoo li cas.
Kev siv thiab kev siv ntawm electromagnets
Niaj hnub no lawv tau siv ntau yam khoom siv, lawv siv tau dav heev.
- Electrobrakes lossis hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog nres
- Xov tooj
- relays
- Timbre
- Buzzer
- Solenoid li qub
- Sib nqus separators
Hauv tsev lossis qib DIY, nws tuaj yeem siv rau txhua yam ntawm cov xauv, cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab cov keyboards.
Solenoid los ntawm Greek thiab txhais tau tias "zoo li cov yeeb nkab"
Keeb kwm ntawm electromagnetism thiab electromagnets
Xyoo 1820, Danish physicist Hans Christian Orsted tau tshawb pom tias yog tias koj muab rab koob magnetized compass ze ntawm lub xaim nqa tam sim no, nws tau txav mus los thiab ua qhov sib npaug.
Orsted tsis tau tshawb nrhiav ntxiv. Tus uas tau ua yog André-Marie Ampere.
Ampere coj Oersted qhov kev sim thiab hloov nws qhov polarity kom pom tias rab koob magnetized txav mus rau qhov sib txawv. Thaum sim muab nws siv ntau dua, nws tsim cov solenoids lossis hluav taws xob coils.
Nws pom tias cov coils coj zoo li cov hlau nplaum uas nyiam los yog rov ua cov koob hlau nplaum.
Hauv qhov kev sim thib ob, nws tau tso ob lub xov hlau sib txuas, ib qho ruaj khov thiab lwm qhov uas tuaj yeem txav tau yooj yim, thiab pom tias thaum tam sim no dhau mus rau tib qho kev taw qhia lawv nyiam ib leeg, thaum yog tam sim no ncig hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv lawv rov ua dua. Yog li koj tuaj yeem pom meej tias lub zog tau tawm dag zog tias muaj tus ncej qaum teb thiab tus ncej qab teb.
Nws empirically qhia ntau yam:
- Tias qhov attraction exerted los ntawm ib tug coil nce proportionally nrog tus naj npawb ntawm lem.
- thiab hais tias nws kuj tau nce nrog qhov kev siv ntawm tam sim no.
Tib lub xyoo ntawd tus kws kho mob Fab Kis Fab Kis François Arago tau qhia tias yog tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov hlau tooj liab, nws tuaj yeem nyiam cov ntaub ntawv hlau yooj yim xws li cov hlau tso zis hlau.
Thiab tus German physicist Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger pom tias qhov deflection ntawm rab koob hauv Orsted qhov kev sim tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas lub zog ntawm tam sim no thiab thawj galvanometer tau tsim.
Thawj electromagnet
Xyoo 1823, tus kws kho mob Askiv Askiv William Sturgeon tau tso ib qho hlau rau hauv lub solenoid nrog kaum yim tig. Thiab nws tau pom tias cov hlau zoo li mloog zoo thiab txhawb cov hlau nplaum. Sturgeon varnished lub hlau bar los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm luv luv Circuit Court, nws yog zoo li tus nees nees thiab nqa tau 4kg uas yog nees nkaum npaug ntawm nws qhov hnyav.
Xyoo 1830 Joseph Henry, tus kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas, tau txhim kho lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Henry insulated cov hlau ntawm lub loops es tsis txhob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau, nyob rau hauv txoj kev no yuav muaj ntau ntau loops thiab kov ib leeg yam tsis ua luv luv circuits. Lawv twb yog cov electromagnets peb paub niaj hnub no.
Nyob rau hauv 1831, siv cov tam sim no ntawm ib tug zoo tib yam roj teeb, nws tswj nqa ib tuj hlau nrog ib tug electromagnet.
Cov chaw
- Hluav taws xob. Kev suav yooj yim ntawm ib-theem thiab peb-theem electromagnets. Manuel Alvarez Pulido
- Cov kev kawm physics. Volume III. Joseph Louis Manglano
- Keeb kwm thiab chronology ntawm science thiab discovery. Isaac Asimov
Cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev!
Nug: Kuv tau xav tias yuav tau txais lossis ua ib qho rau ib qho khoom siv tsis siv neeg uas yuav txav lub hau lub teeb heev. Tab sis cov lus nug yog hais txog lub sijhawm siv. Kuv xav tau lub hau kom qhib raws li hauv qab no:
- 3 ntu ntawm 1 feeb hauv ib hnub
- 1 ntu ntawm 2 teev hauv ib hnub
Qhov thib ob no yog qhov uas kuv txhawj xeeb. Puas muaj ib qho pheej yig lossis hauv tsev electromagnet uas txhawb nqa 2 h ntawm tam sim no taug kev los ntawm nws? Yuav muaj kev nyab xeeb npaum li cas los ua li ntawd?