Ukulawula inkqubo yinkqubo yokususa i-chip ofuna ukwandisa kuyo umngxuma kunye nokufezekisa ukugqitywa komphezulu othile kunye nokunyamezelana okukodwa. Ke kukugqitywa kwemingxunya eyenziwe kwi-reamer.
El reamer sisixhobo esifana ne-drill, esixelela yona ukuba yenze iintshukumo ezimbini, enye yokujikeleza kwi-axis yayo kunye nenye yokuhamba kwe-rectilinear ecaleni kwe-axis.
Singazenza izinto ezigqityiweyo ngesixhobo somatshini okanye ngesandla.
Ukuhlengahlengisa kufuneka kwenziwe ngesantya sokusika esisezantsi. Isixa esincinci kakhulu semathiriyeli kufuneka sisuswe.
Ukuhamba kunokuba nokuhamba ngewotshi okanye ngokuchasene newotshi, kuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni. Umzekelo, isixhobo esidibeneyo sokuphinda senziwe ngesandla esinewotshi ejikelezayo siya kuhlala sizondla ngokwakho njengoko sisetyenziswa, ngokunokwenzeka sikhokelele kumtshato wokuqhekeka nakukophuka okulandelayo. Ke ngoko, ukubheka ecaleni kwewotshi kukhethwa nangona i-reamer iqhubeka nokujikeleza ngokwewotshi.
I-Reamers zizixhobo ze-cylindrical ezine-longitudinal, tye okanye i-helical grooves kunye namazinyo aqingqiweyo, apho kunokwakheka khona ezi ndawo zilandelayo:
- Isibambo, sokuncamathisela kumatshini
- Intamo yokudibanisa
- Umzimba okanye isixhobo esisusa imathiriyeli. Kwelinye icala, kulo mzimba kukho iindawo ezahlukeneyo:
- I-Chamfer. Isiqalo sokuqala esisekupheleni kwesixhobo kwaye yindawo apho ukusika kwenzeka khona. Ixabiso le-engile yale chamfer lixhomekeke ngokusisiseko kwimathiriyeli eya kwenziwa ngomatshini kunye nendlela yokusetha ukusetyenziswa kwayo, ngesandla okanye ngokuzenzekelayo, kusetyenziswa ii-angles ezincinci zendlela yesandla kunye nezinto ezithambileyo, ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla afanelekileyo e-axial.
- Ikhowuni yokuqala. Yinxalenye etsobhileyo ecaleni kwekhamfer apho kususwa into encinci kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, iitshiphusi ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona zikhutshwa kwicala le-radial, ngokuchasene nokubhola, apho zikhutshwa khona kwicala le-axial.
- Indawo yokulinganisa. Yindawo elandelayo yesilinda apho umngxuma ugqityiwe ngobukhulu bawo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu. Kule ndawo akukho kususwa kwe-chip yokwenyani kunye nokusika imiphetho yokugoba kumphezulu womngxunya
- Ikhowuni yokugqibela. Yindawo yokugqibela ethobekileyo enjongo yayo ikukunciphisa ukuxubana kwesixhobo kunye nomngxunya kunye nokuthintela ukuba kungabikho kubashushu.
Ukuba ukunqunyulwa okunqamlezileyo kwenziwa kwi-reamer, kunokubonwa ukuba iigroves ezivunyiweyo zinika njani imiphetho yokusika enobuso bayo kunye neziganeko zobuso. Inani lemiphetho okanye amazinyo liyahluka kwaye kuhlala kuhlala kukhulu kunezibini. Inokubonwa kwakhona ukuba ii-angles ze-rake ezisetyenziswe kwii-reamers zilungile.
Izixhobo zezixhobo
Njengazo ezinye izixhobo zokusika, Kukho iindidi ezimbini zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ukwakha ii-reamers: ukunyangwa kobushushu kwaye kunzima. Izinto zokunyanga ubushushu zenziwe ngee-steels ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi ikhabhoni elula (engasebenziyo, ethathwa njengephelelwe lixesha) kunye nee-steels ezinesantya esiphezulu. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yimpahla enzima yi-tungsten carbide (eqinileyo okanye eyalathiweyo), kodwa ii-reamers ezine-cubic boron nitride (CBN) okanye imiphetho yedayimane nayo iyafumaneka.
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi ndidi zimbini kukuba izinto ezilukhuni azihlali zichaphazeleka bubushushu obuveliswa yinkqubo yoomatshini kwaye banokuzuza ngokwenene kuzo. Icala elisezantsi kukuba bahlala be brittle kakhulu, befuna ukusika okuthe kratya ukuphepha ukwaphuka. Oku kwandisa amandla abandakanyekayo kwimishini kwaye kwesi sizathu izinto ezilukhuni azikhuthazwa ngoomatshini abakhanyayo. Izinto ezinyangwa ngobushushu, kwelinye icala, zihlala zomelele kwaye azinangxaki ekugcineni ubukhali ngaphandle kokungena phantsi kweemeko ezingathandekiyo (njengokungcangcazela). Oku kwenza ukuba zilungele izixhobo zesandla kunye noomatshini bokukhanya.
Ukuthambisa ajikeleze
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqamba igama kwakhona, ukungqubana kubangela ukuba inxenye kunye nesixhobo sifudumale. Ukuthambisa ajikeleze eyiyo izixhobo, kwandisa ubomi bayo. Olunye uncedo lokuthambisa lubandakanya isantya esiphezulu sokusika. Oku kunciphisa amaxesha emveliso. Ukuthambisa ukuthambisa kwakhona kususa iichips kwaye kunegalelo kwisiphelo esingcono kwindawo yokusebenza. I-oyile yezimbiwa, i-oyile eyenziweyo, kunye neeoyile ezinyibilikiswa ngamanzi zisetyenziselwa ukuthambisa kwaye zisetyenziswa zizikhukula okanye ukutshiza. Kwezinye izinto, kuphela umoya opholileyo ofunekayo ukupholisa umsebenzi. Oku kusetyenziswa ngejet yomoya okanye ityhubhu ye-vortex.
Iindidi zee reamers
Kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokurekhoda, ezona ziphambili zezi zilandelayo:
IiRamers eziLungisiweyo zeCylindrical
Los cylindrical reamers esisigxina zizixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa kunye nokugqiba imingxunya, isusa ubukhulu obuncinci bezinto eziphathekayo. Abo banobubanzi obuncinci bakhiwe ngokudibeneyo ngesiphatho se-conical okanye se-cylindrical sokudibanisa, kwaye abo banobubanzi obukhulu bakhiwe ngemingxunya kunye nemijelo yokuhambisa intshukumo. Amazinyo ezi reamers anokuthe tye okanye abengathi yinqwelomoya, kwaye kwimeko yokugqibela, ii-helixes zingasekunene okanye ngasekhohlo. Kwizinto ezithambileyo, izixhobo zasesandleni sasekhohlo zisetyenziselwa ukunqanda ukubambeka kwinto leyo, ngelixa izinto ezilukhuni zisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa ngaphakathi. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zenziwe ngentsimbi yesantya esiphezulu, kwaye kukwakho nezinye apho imiphetho yokusika yenziwe nge-carbide efakwe ngaphakathi.
Iifayile eziHlangeneyo eziLungisiweyo
IiReamers eziCwangcisiweyo zisetyenziselwa machining Ukugqitywa kwemingxunya etyibilikayo, ii-reamers ezikhoyo ezi-conical roughing ezinemiphetho ethe nkqo exhotyiswe ngemijelo ye-chip breaker, kunye nokugqibezela ukugqibezela ii-reamers ezinemiphetho ethe nkqo okanye ye-helical
Ukwandiswa kweeReamers
Ziyi-reamers ezizinzileyo ezinemigangatho emithathu okanye emine ye-longitudinal evumela zibenze banzi ngokusebenza kwesikere esidibeneyo, ukufezekisa umahluko omncinci kububanzi. Olu lwando lwenziwa xa isixhobo siphelile, esinokulungiswa ngaso, kwaye ke, sandise ubomi baso. Olu hlobo lwereamer lusetyenziselwa izinto ezirhabaxa kakhulu, ezibangela ukunxiba okukhulu kwisixhobo, kwaye akukho meko yokutshintsha ubungakanani bomngxunya. Ukugqitywa kunye nokunyamezelana okunokufunyanwa kunye nabo kubi kakhulu, kukwabonisa ukungancedi ekubeni buthathaka ekugqibeleni apho iinzame zinkulu.
Ama-ream ahlengahlengiswayo
Ukuhlengahlengiswa kweeream kwenziwa iincakuba ezenziwe ngesantya esiphezulu zentsimbi okanye khabhayithi, ixhaswe kwisiseko sokudanisa esihamba kwicala le-radial xa ushenxisa umzimba ngomsebenzi wento yesikrufu, ngaloo ndlela sahluka ububanzi. Olu hlobo lwee-reamers, ngenxa yeebhleyidi, zinamazinyo athe tye.
Imithombo
- Iinkqubo zokwenza imveliso. UJosé Domingo Zamanillo Cantolla, uPedro Rosado Castellano
- Isikhokelo seNkqubo yoLungiso. UTodd, uRobert H.; UAllen, uDell K.; UAlting, uLeo (1994)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reamer
